Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Ismael A[original query] |
---|
Malaria Frontline Project: strategic approaches to improve malaria control program leveraging experiences from Kano and Zamfara States, Nigeria, 2016-2019
Adewole A , Ajumobi O , Waziri N , Umar AA , Bala U , Gidado S , Ugbenyo G , Simple E , Igbaver I , Attahiru A , Michael CA , Uba B , Nguku P , Uhomoibhi P , Muhammad B , Ismael M , Cash S , Williamson J , McElroy P , Kachur SP , Asamoa K . BMC Health Serv Res 2023 23 (1) 147 BACKGROUND: The Malaria Frontline Project (MFP) supported the National Malaria Elimination Program for effective program implementation in the high malaria-burden states of Kano and Zamfara adapting the National Stop Transmission of Polio (NSTOP) program elimination strategies. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: The MFP was implemented in 34 LGAs in the two states (20 out of 44 in Kano and all 14 in Zamfara). MFP developed training materials and job aids tailored to expected service delivery for primary and district health facilities and strengthened supportive supervision. Pre- and post-implementation assessments of intervention impacts were conducted in both states. RESULTS: A total of 158 (Kano:83; Zamfara:75) and 180 (Kano:100; Zamfara:80) healthcare workers (HCWs), were interviewed for pre-and post-implementation assessments, respectively. The proportions of HCWs with correct knowledge on diagnostic criteria were Kano: 97.5% to 92.0% and Zamfara: 94.7% to 98.8%; and knowledge of recommended first line treatment of uncomplicated malaria were Kano: 68.7% to 76.0% and Zamfara: 69.3% to 65.0%. The proportion of HCWs who adhered to national guidelines for malaria diagnosis and treatment increased in both states (Kano: 36.1% to 73.0%; Zamfara: 39.2% to 67.5%) and HCW knowledge to confirm malaria diagnosis slightly decreased in Kano State but increased in Zamfara State (Kano: 97.5% to 92.0%; Zamfara: 94.8% to 98.8%). HCWs knowledge of correct IPTp drug increased in both states (Kano: 81.9% to 94.0%; Zamfara: 85.3% to 97.5%). CONCLUSION: MFP was successfully implemented using tailored training materials, job aids, supportive supervision, and data use. The project strategy can likely be adapted to improve the effectiveness of malaria program implementation in other Nigerian states, and other malaria endemic countries. |
Evaluating nonresponse weighting adjustment for the population-based HIV impact assessments surveys: On incorporating survey outcomes
Tien-Huan L , Ismael FC , Suzue S , Rommel B . J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2021 87 S52-S56 BACKGROUND: The nonresponse weighting adjustment of the PHIA surveys employs the weighting class method in combination with a tree analysis to identify predictors significant to response propensity. Variable selection for this type of nonresponse adjustment identifies auxiliary variables correlated with response propensity alone and produces one set of weights applicable for all analyses of the survey data. An alternative approach identifies auxiliary variables correlated to both the response probability and selected key outcome variables. This approach may identify a different set of variables for the nonresponse adjustments and may produce more efficient estimates for the key outcome variables. SETTING: The Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) surveys from 2016-2017. METHODS: Weighting class, joint-classification, and two-step modeling. RESULTS: There was little difference among estimates produced by the alternative weighting methods and the PHIA estimates. The joint-classification method produced more efficient estimates (i.e., smaller design effects) compared to the PHIA method, while the two-step method was inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS: The efficiency of the estimates produced by the PHIA weighting method closely resembles those specifically targeted at key survey outcomes and serves well as a multi-purpose weight. |
Integrating mental health services into human immunodeficiency virus clinics: lessons from task-sharing between clinical and lay healthcare providers in Ethiopia
Ismael A , Teklu W , Alemayehu M . Ethiop J Health Dev 2020 34 (1) 5-13 Background: Globally, mental health problems are more common among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) than among the general population. Mental health problems affect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment adherence and retention. To address this challenge, partners used a task-sharing approach among lay healthcare works and clinicians to integrate mental health services into HIV services at pilot hospitals in the Amhara and Tigray regions of Ethiopia. In this model, trained lay healthcare workers proactively screened patients using a mental health screening tool and subsequently linked potential clients with trained clinicians working at HIV clinics for further diagnosis and treatment. |
Characterizing the molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae in Faranah, Guinea.
Stica C , Jeffries CL , Irish SR , Barry Y , Camara D , Yansane I , Kristan M , Walker T , Messenger LA . Malar J 2019 18 (1) 244 BACKGROUND: In recent years, the scale-up of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) has greatly reduced malaria transmission. However, malaria remains a global public health concern with the majority of the disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Insecticide resistance is a growing problem among Anopheles vector populations, with potential implications for the continued effectiveness of available control interventions. Improved understanding of current resistance levels and underlying mechanisms is essential to design appropriate management strategies and to mitigate future selection for resistance. METHODS: Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes were collected from three villages in Faranah Prefecture, Guinea and their levels of susceptibility to seven insecticides were measured using CDC resistance intensity bioassays. Synergist assays with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) were also undertaken to assess the role of elevated mixed-function oxidases in resistance. Five hundred and sixty-three mosquitoes underwent molecular characterization of vector species, presence of target site mutations (L1014F kdr, N1575Y and G119S Ace-1), Plasmodium falciparum infection, and relative expression of three metabolic genes (CYP6M2, CYP6P3 and GSTD3). RESULTS: In Faranah, resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin was observed, as well as possible resistance to bendiocarb. All assayed vector populations were fully susceptible to alpha-cypermethrin, pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and chlorfenapyr. Plasmodium falciparum infection was detected in 7.3% (37/508) of mosquitoes tested. The L1014F kdr mutation was found in 100% of a sub-sample of 60 mosquitoes, supporting its fixation in the region. The N1575Y mutation was identified in 20% (113/561) of individuals, with ongoing selection evidenced by significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The G119S Ace-1 mutation was detected in 62.1% (18/29) of mosquitoes tested and was highly predictive of bendiocarb bioassay survival. The metabolic resistance genes, CYP6M2, CYP6P3 and GSTD3, were found to be overexpressed in wild resistant and susceptible An. gambiae sensu stricto populations, compared to a susceptible G3 colony. Furthermore, CYP6P3 was significantly overexpressed in bendiocarb survivors, implicating its potential role in carbamate resistance in Faranah. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of intense resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin in Faranah, is of concern, as the Guinea National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) relies exclusively on the distribution of pyrethroid-treated LLINs for vector control. Study findings will be used to guide current and future control strategies in the region. |
Description of a mass poisoning in a rural district in Mozambique: The first documented bongkrekic acid poisoning in Africa
Gudo ES , Cook K , Kasper AM , Vergara A , Salomao C , Oliveira F , Ismael H , Saeze C , Mosse C , Fernandes Q , Viegas SO , Baltazar CS , Doyle TJ , Yard E , Steck A , Serret M , Falconer TM , Kern SE , Brzezinski JL , Turner JA , Boyd BL , Jani IV . Clin Infect Dis 2017 66 (9) 1400-1406 Background: On January 9, 2015, in a rural town in Mozambique, over 230 people became sick and 75 died from an illness linked to drinking pombe, a traditional alcoholic beverage. Methods: An investigation was conducted to identify cases and determine the cause of the outbreak. A case was defined as any resident of Chitima who developed any new or unexplained neurologic, gastrointestinal, or cardiovascular symptom from January 9 at 6:00 a.m. through January 12. We conducted medical record reviews; healthcare worker and community surveys; anthropological and toxicological investigations of local medicinal plants and commercial pesticides; and laboratory testing of the suspect and control pombe. Results: We identified 234 cases; 75 (32%) died and 159 recovered. Overall, 61% of cases were female (n=142), and ages ranged from 1-87 years (median: 30 years). Signs and symptoms included abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and generalized malaise. Death was preceded by psychomotor agitation and abnormal posturing. The median interval from pombe consumption to symptom onset was 16 hours. Toxic levels of bongkrekic acid (BA) were detected in the suspect pombe but not in the control pombe. Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans, the bacteria that produces BA, was detected in the flour used to make the pombe. Conclusions: We report for the first time an outbreak of a highly lethal illness linked to BA, a deadly food-borne toxin in Africa. Given that no previous outbreaks have been recognized outside of Asia, our investigation suggests that BA might be an unrecognized cause of toxic outbreaks globally. |
Sentinel surveillance for patients with acute hepatitis in Egypt, 2001-04
Talaat M , El-Sayed N , Kandeel A , Azab MA , Afifi S , Youssef FG , Ismael T , Hajjeh R , Mahoney FJ . East Mediterr Health J 2010 16 (2) 134-140 Viral hepatitis is a major problem in Egypt. To define the epidemiology of the disease, sentinel surveillance was established in 5 hospitals in diverse areas of the country in 2001. Data were completed for patients meeting the case definition for viral hepatitis. Of a total of 5909 patients evaluated, 4189 (70.9%) showed positive antibody markers for hepatitis. Out of those, 40.2% had evidence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, 30.0% hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 29.8% hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This surveillance system was useful in identifying the variable endemicity of acute HAV infection in different regions and for better understanding the epidemiology of HBV and HCV infection. |
Case-control study to evaluate risk factors for acute hepatitis B virus infection in Egypt
Talaat M , Radwan E , El-Sayed N , Ismael T , Hajjeh R , Mahoney FJ . East Mediterr Health J 2010 16 (1) 4-9 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant health problem in Egypt. To better define risk factors associated with HBV transmission, we conducted a case-control study among patients admitted with acute hepatitis to an infectious disease hospital in Cairo. A total of 60 cases and 120 controls were interviewed about various exposures within 6 months prior to admission. Univariate analysis revealed HBV case-patients were more likely to report providing injections to relatives or friends, injecting drug use, exposure to a household contact with hepatitis, exposure to invasive medical procedures and being in the military. Efforts should be made to implement strict infection control standards in Egypt. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:May 13, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure